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Law No. 6984/2022 on Migration

Ley N° 6984/2022 de Migraciones

Paraguay's general migration law, governing admission, transitory stay, temporary and permanent residence, and the cancellation and expulsion regime for foreign nationals.

Issuing authority
Congreso Nacional del Paraguay
Document number
Ley N° 6984/2022
Status
Current
Original language: Español
Español
Translation status
Published
Translation last reviewed
19 September 2026

Circle Group explanation

What this document does

Law 6984/2022 is Paraguay's general migration law. It sets out who may be admitted to the country, under what categories, and what rights and obligations attach to foreign nationals once admitted, including access to education, health care, family reunification, and civic participation.

The law separates admission into two broad tracks: Transitory Stay, for people entering without intent to settle (tourists, transit passengers, border crossers, medical treatment cases), and Residence, for people entering with intent to remain, which in turn is divided into Spontaneous or Occasional Residence, Temporary Residence, and Permanent Residence. Each category carries its own duration, requirements, and renewal rules.

It also defines the grounds on which the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may refuse admission, cancel a residency already granted, or order expulsion, and it sets the specific rule under which a permanent resident loses that status through prolonged, unjustified absence from the country.

Circle Group explanation

Key provisions

Residency subcategories (Article 44)
The law recognizes three subcategories of residence: Spontaneous or Occasional Residence, Temporary Residence, and Permanent Residence. Each is granted by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones and corresponds to a different intent and duration of stay in the country.
Temporary Residence (Article 46)
Temporary Residence is granted for up to two years, renewable for an equal period, to foreign nationals entering to settle and carry out a lawful activity. It is ordinarily a prerequisite for Permanent Residence, except for applicants who can demonstrably prove investments under Law 4986/2013, which created SUACE.
Requirements for Permanent Residence (Article 52)
Applicants must present a valid passport or identity document, their prior Temporary Residence card, Paraguayan cédula, updated civil status documentation, police and judicial background certificates, an Interpol background certificate, and, where applicable, proof of investment or capital contribution, along with payment of the corresponding fee.
Loss of Permanent Residence through unjustified absence (Article 54)
A permanent resident loses that status if they remain outside Paraguay for more than three years without justifying the absence before the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. This term may be extended by resolution in cases set by regulation. Anyone who loses permanent residence this way may recover it only by proving the legal requirements anew.
Grounds for cancellation of residency (Article 55)
The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may cancel a granted residency, regardless of its age, category, or original cause, on grounds including false or fraudulent documentation used to obtain a migratory benefit, unjustified absence exceeding three years for permanent residents or one year for temporary residents, voluntary request by the foreign resident, or noncompliance with the law and its regulations. Cancellation ends the right to remain and may lead to expulsion.

Circle Group explanation

Why this matters

  • The distinction between Temporary and Permanent Residence, and the two-year prerequisite period, determines the ordinary sequence a foreign national follows to settle in Paraguay.
  • The three-year unjustified absence rule for permanent residents, and the shorter one-year rule for temporary residents under Article 55, are the concrete thresholds that put an existing residency at risk.
  • Knowing the documentary requirements and cancellation grounds in advance helps foreign nationals avoid the fraud, falsification, or noncompliance grounds on which a residency can be revoked.

Unofficial translation

Full legal text

Unofficial translation

This translation is provided by Circle Group for informational convenience. The official Spanish-language document issued by the relevant Paraguayan authority is the authoritative legal text. If there is any discrepancy, the official Spanish version prevails. This translation is not a certified or sworn legal translation.

Artículo 1. Purpose of the Law

This Law establishes the migration regime of the Republic of Paraguay and the principles and guidelines of public policies for migrants, with the aim of contributing to strengthening the country's social, cultural and economic development.

Artículo 2. Scope of application

This Law is a matter of public order, of general observance throughout the Republic of Paraguay and of mandatory compliance for foreign persons who enter, remain in and leave Paraguayan territory; as well as, where applicable, for nationals who leave the country, settle abroad and/or return.

Artículo 3. Definitions

For the purposes of this Law, the following definitions shall apply: 1. Stateless person: A person not considered a national by any State under the operation of its law. 2. Asylum: Protection granted by a State to a foreign person who leaves his or her country of nationality or habitual residence, for reasons of political persecution or related common crimes, as well as for his or her opinions or beliefs. This protection does not apply to personal situations or economic reasons and consists of non-refoulement, permission to remain in the country of asylum, standards relating to humane treatment and a durable solution. 3. Emigration: The movement made by a person who leaves his or her country of nationality or habitual residence toward another country, with the purpose of establishing habitual residence there. 4. Emigrant: A person who leaves his or her country of nationality or habitual residence for another country, which becomes his or her new country of habitual residence. 5. Foreigner: A natural person who does not hold the nationality of the country in whose territory he or she is present. 6. Expulsion: An act by an authority with the intention and effect of ensuring the departure of one or more persons from the territory. 7. Inadmissibility: Prohibition of entry into the territory of the Republic of Paraguay, by determination of the competent authority. 8. Immigration: The act of entering a country other than one's own country of nationality or habitual residence, with the purpose of establishing habitual residence in the country of destination. 9. Immigrant: A foreign person who enters a country other than his or her country of nationality or habitual residence, to reside there temporarily or permanently. 10. Migration: Movements made by people from one socio-spatial area to another with the purpose of establishing their residence. 11. Irregular migration: Movement made by one or more persons outside the rules, procedures and norms that orderly govern entry into or departure from the country of origin, transit or destination. 12. Orderly migration: Movement made by one or more persons that conforms to the laws and regulations governing departure from the country of origin, travel, transit, entry into and stay in the country of destination, and return to the country of origin, and that takes place in a context that preserves human dignity and the well-being of migrants. 13. Migrant: Refers to any person who moves away from his or her place of habitual residence, whether within the same country or across an international border, temporarily or permanently and for various reasons. It is a generic term that refers indistinctly to immigrant or emigrant persons. 14. Territorial mobility: The movement made by persons within the territory or country of habitual residence, or across international borders, without the intention of changing residence. 15. Returnees: Nationals who return to the country after having resided abroad. 16. Repatriation: Spontaneous return or return assisted by the authorities to the country of origin. 17. Residence: Authorization granted by the State to a foreigner to reside in the national territory temporarily or permanently. 18. Refugee: A person who, owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his or her nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, unwilling to avail himself or herself of the protection of that country. 19. Remittance: Private monetary transfers made by migrants, whether across borders or within the same country, to persons with whom they maintain a bond. 20. Trafficking in persons: The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, fraud, deception, abuse of power or a position of vulnerability, or the giving or receiving of payments or benefits, for the purpose of exploitation. 21. Smuggling of migrants: The facilitation of the irregular entry of a person into a State of which the person is not a national or permanent resident, in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit.

Artículo 4. General principles

For the purposes of interpretation and application of this Law, the following general principles must be considered: 1. Principle of Universality: The Law recognizes the universality of human rights and shall ensure their fulfillment for migrants, since these rights are inherent to all human beings without any distinction of nationality or country of origin. 2. Principle of Equality: All persons are born free and equal in dignity and rights. In accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, all persons are recognized as having the right to life, liberty and personal security, without any distinction as to race, color, sex, language, religion, political or ideological opinion, national or social origin, economic position, birth, migration status or any other condition. 3. Principle of Non-Discrimination: No person's rights may be diminished on grounds of age, sex, ethnicity, race, language, religion or other reasons such as lesser intellectual or mental ability, poor state of health, physical disability or any other condition representing a disadvantage in social life; nor may any person be subjected to demeaning treatment, and on the contrary, any differential treatment given must be for the benefit of that person's greater dignity. 4. Principle of Gender Equity: The right of women to personal development in complete equality with men is recognized, especially in migratory movements and in countries of origin and destination. 5. Principle of Social Equity: All persons, groups and social sectors have the right to public policies that tend to eliminate social inequalities, create equal opportunities to establish social equity, remove obstacles that impede general well-being and arrange the means that promote the greatest quality of life for all members of society. 6. Principle of Intergenerational Equity: The succession of generations in a relationship of interdependence requires actions of solidarity toward ascendants and descendants, especially toward children and adolescents, in order to guarantee sustainability and equity in the enjoyment of socially produced material and immaterial goods. 7. Principle of comprehensive protection and the best interests of the rights of children and adolescents: In all decisions of the migration authority in which children and adolescents are directly or indirectly involved, the principle of the best interests of the child must invariably prevail. 8. Principle of Reciprocity: The Law shall guarantee equal treatment to migrants, recognizing for them the same rights and obligations granted to nationals residing in the respective countries of destination. 9. Principle of Transparency: The applicable processes, requirements and policies shall be of public knowledge, and the dissemination of information on all aspects of internal and international migration shall be promoted. Officials and persons responsible for applying this Law shall be adequately trained to provide their services respecting and applying the laws with humanitarian treatment. 10. Principle of Family Reunification: The Law guarantees migrants the right to family reunification with their parents, spouses, unmarried minor children and/or adult children with different abilities. 11. Principle of Respect for Cultural Diversity: In accordance with the constitutional precept that enshrines the pluricultural and bilingual character of Paraguay, the diverse cultures and languages that coexist in Paraguayan territory are recognized as national heritage, in particular indigenous peoples represented by their diverse ethnicities and languages. 12. Principle of Respect for Labor Rights: Decent work and fair remuneration are guaranteed regardless of migration status. The Law guarantees faithful compliance with labor regulations by employers, without regard to the regular or irregular status of the immigrant. 13. Principle of Social Integration: The Law shall promote the inclusion in the country's development of all persons and all social and ethnic groups. 14. Principle of Congruence: States must guarantee the enforcement of the rights they claim for their nationals abroad, in the admission, entry, stay or transit of foreigners in their own territory. 15. Principle of Legality: All actions carried out by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones must be based on and consistent with the provisions of the National Constitution, the treaties and agreements ratified by Paraguay, the laws and implementing decrees. 16. Principle of Rationality: The conduct of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones must respond to rational, sustainable and justifiable criteria, taking into account the purpose of the legal regulations. 17. Principle of Effectiveness: Every act carried out by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones must be aimed at achieving satisfactory services and quality services for the migrant, contributing to the fulfillment of the administration's functional goals and objectives, and serving the purposes pursued by the legal order. 18. Principle of General Interest: In all actions of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, the supremacy of the general interest over particular interest must prevail. 19. Principle of Non-Refoulement: No refugee shall be returned to a country where he or she would face serious threats to life or liberty. 20. Principle of the non-criminalization of migration. 21. Principle of the migrant's equal and free access to social services, programs and benefits, education, work, housing, banking services and social security. 22. Principle of international cooperation with the States of origin, transit and destination of migratory movements in order to guarantee the effective protection of the human rights of the migrant. 23. Principle of the protection of Paraguayans abroad.

Artículo 5. Equal access

The State shall ensure equal access for immigrants and their families to rights such as: work, social security, health, education, justice, culture and recreation, among others.

Artículo 6. Right to education

Irregular migration status may in no case be considered as grounds for refusing to enroll an immigrant as a student in a public or private educational institution, whether at the basic or secondary level.

Artículo 7. Right to work

An immigrant with residence authorized by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may not be discriminated against because of that status in the performance of lawful work. Nor shall he or she be affected in the rights acquired through work already performed while in an irregular immigrant status. The employer is obliged to inform the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones when it employs an immigrant and must comply with the obligations arising from labor legislation, regardless of the immigrant's migratory status.

Artículo 8. Right to health care and health

Access to health benefits and health care may not be denied to any foreigner as a result of his or her irregular migration situation, and the same care must be provided without any discrimination.

Artículo 9. Right to be informed

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall make available to the immigrant the necessary information regarding the rights and obligations enshrined in the laws in force and on the mechanisms for migratory regularization, for those who are in an irregular situation, facilitating for them the relevant procedures for their regularization. Officials of educational, health, social security and labor institutions are obliged to provide adequate information and guidance to the foreigner in an irregular situation to help him or her regularize his or her migratory situation. Ignorance of national laws on the part of the foreigner does not exempt him or her from compliance with them, unless expressly provided for in the Law.

Artículo 10. Right to family reunification

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall facilitate the mechanisms for the reunification of immigrant families, taking special precautions to facilitate the entry of the children, adolescents, women and older adults who make up the family circle. Likewise, and in coordination with the relevant agencies, it shall promote social programs of psychological support for families fragmented as a result of migration, providing assistance especially to minor children.

Artículo 11. Right to the protection of migrant children and adolescents

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, in coordination with the relevant agencies, shall support programs for the care of minors unaccompanied by family members who cross border control posts in a situation of vulnerability, providing them with shelter, psychological, medical and legal care with the aim of reintegrating them into their family, applying the best interests of the child as a cross-cutting principle and observing the principle of non-refoulement. The decision to deny admission to or expel migrant girls, boys and adolescents, whether or not accompanied by their parents, must be based on the best interests of the child within the framework of due legal process that evidences that measure. Special and particular protection measures shall be established for girls, boys and adolescents who are victims of trafficking, exploitation, abuse, violence, among others.

Artículo 12. Right to identity

The inalienable right of girls and boys to obtain a personal identity and a nationality immediately after birth shall be guaranteed, without regard to the migratory status of their parents. Likewise, the right of the boy and girl to preserve his or her identity shall be protected.

Artículo 13. Right to bring goods into the country

Foreign immigrants who are admitted as residents may bring into the country their personal belongings, those of their family, household goods and one family means of transport, the import duties for which must be established by the Dirección Nacional de Aduanas.

Artículo 14. Right to transfer remittances

Migrant workers shall have the right to transfer to their State of origin or to any other State the monetary resources necessary for the support of their family members. These transfers shall be made in accordance with the procedures established in the legislation of the State concerned and in conformity with the applicable international agreements. The State, through the competent authorities, shall adopt appropriate measures to facilitate such transfers.

Artículo 15. Right to vote

Foreigners with permanent residence status shall have the right to vote in Municipal Elections, in accordance with the provisions of the Electoral Code.

Artículo 16. Obligations

Immigrants must comply with the obligations set forth in this Law and its corresponding regulations, and all those that are part of the national positive legal order.

Artículo 17. Migratory regularization

Foreigners who are in an irregular situation with regard to migratory documentation and residence must immediately apply to the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones to regularize their migratory status.

Artículo 18. Tax regime

Foreigners residing in the country who perform remunerated or profit-making work of any kind shall be subject to compliance with the tax regulations in force in the country and must pay the applicable taxes.

Artículo 19. Promotion of immigration

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones (National Directorate of Migration), in coordination with the country's Consular Offices, shall give priority to orderly immigration agreements for individuals and human groups within the framework of the international and regional treaties, agreements and conventions ratified by the Republic of Paraguay. To this end, it must provide easily accessible information to foreigners who intend to establish residence in our country, guiding them on the documentation indispensable for travel and for processing legal residence in the country, living conditions, opportunities and labor and wage conditions, social services and other matters of interest to the immigrant.

Artículo 20. Regulation

Orderly immigration shall be regulated by the Executive Branch for each particular case, with the involvement of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, giving priority to the signing of bilateral agreements for this purpose. The number of immigrants, the activity they will carry out in the country and the area of the national territory where they will establish residence must be established.

Artículo 21. Territorial distribution of immigration flows

In the bilateral agreements on orderly immigration, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall establish the location of immigrant flows in those areas of the country where local governments, in accordance with the Ley Orgánica Municipal (Organic Municipal Law), carry out land-use planning and territorial development programs that offer favorable conditions for the immigrant population to carry out the activities that facilitate the development of their existence.

Artículo 22. Immigration from countries in crisis

When orderly immigration is carried out for the benefit of persons and groups from countries in a state of crisis due to internal war, ethnic, political or religious discrimination, or natural disasters, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall coordinate with the Comisión Nacional de Refugiados (National Refugee Commission) the facilitation, for humanitarian reasons, of the procedures for entry into national territory. For the organized transfer to the country of these groups of immigrants, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may request, by common agreement with the Comisión Nacional de Refugiados, the mediation of international organizations recognized by the Paraguayan State.

Artículo 23. General regime

The admission, entry, stay and exit of foreigners in national territory shall be governed by the provisions of the National Constitution, the international treaties, conventions and agreements approved and ratified by the Republic of Paraguay, national legislation and its regulations.

Artículo 24. Special regime

The following shall be included under a special regime: 1. Diplomatic and consular officials and their family members accredited in the Republic of Paraguay and those entering on an official mission, for as long as their duties last, or those transiting national territory temporarily. 2. Representatives and members of international organizations and their family members, recognized by the Republic of Paraguay, and those holding the same status who arrive in the country on an official mission. 3. Administrative and technical officials on a service mission belonging to either of the above categories, and their family members. In all the cases cited above, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones must act in accordance with the international treaties, conventions and agreements approved and ratified by the Republic of Paraguay on diplomatic and consular matters, and in accordance with the other general or special laws in force on the subject. Diplomatic and consular officials, representatives and members of international organizations, administrative and technical officials on a service mission, and their family members, may choose to apply for residence in the country.

Artículo 25. Requirements

Every person entering or leaving national territory must present themselves at an authorized control post with the corresponding valid identity document or passport with consular visa for countries that require it, and other documents that validate their entry into national territory.

Artículo 26. Assistance to persons who choose to emigrate

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, in coordination with the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), must provide guidance and assistance to persons who choose to emigrate and require information on: 1. Requirements for leaving the country and for transit through countries of passage. 2. Documentation required in the country of destination, residence, living and working conditions, legislation applicable to migrants and other data for safe migration.

Artículo 27. Register of emigrants

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall maintain a permanent register of persons emigrating as part of planned emigration programs, so as to make possible their subsequent assistance in the countries where they establish residence. The personal information recorded in the database shall be confidential and for statistical use.

Artículo 28. Interinstitutional coordination

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, in coordination with the Ministries of Labor, Employment and Social Security; Industry and Commerce; and Foreign Affairs, must cooperate in conducting studies on labor obstacles and opportunities, and living and working conditions in the destination countries of Paraguayan emigration, as well as in disseminating information through mechanisms available at the national level and through organizations of emigrants residing abroad.

Artículo 29. Studies on immigration and emigration

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, through the signing of agreements with national and/or foreign academic institutions, in coordination with other state agencies or private entities, shall promote studies and research on migratory flows, with the aim of improving knowledge about Paraguayan emigration and the living conditions of nationals abroad and contributing to strengthening the national statistical system.

Artículo 30. Family reunification

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall support the family reunification of nationals residing abroad who request it, taking special precautions to guarantee, jointly with the Secretaría de Desarrollo para Repatriados y Refugiados Connacionales (Secretariat for the Development of Repatriated Persons and National Refugees), the safety of the journey and the residence conditions of the children, adolescents, women and elderly persons who make up the family circle.

Artículo 31. Interinstitutional collaboration

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall collaborate with the Secretaría de Desarrollo para Repatriados y Refugiados Connacionales to facilitate the return, entry and reintegration of Paraguayans who return or are repatriated from abroad.

Artículo 32. Support for communities of residents abroad

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, in collaboration with the Dirección de Atención a las Comunidades Paraguayas en el Extranjero (Directorate for Attention to Paraguayan Communities Abroad) of the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, and the Consular Offices, shall carry out assessments of the residence and living conditions of nationals abroad, ensuring that the obligations and rights arising from ratified international treaties, conventions and agreements on migration matters are fulfilled.

Artículo 33. Protection of the rights of nationals who emigrate

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall cooperate with the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores in the signing of bilateral agreements on the rights of emigrant persons, particularly with respect to labor and wage conditions, education, health, housing and social security and pensions, applying the principle of reciprocity in such cases.

Artículo 34. Civic and electoral participation

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall coordinate with the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores and the Tribunal Superior de Justicia Electoral (Superior Electoral Justice Tribunal) the use of the statistical information available on the main destination countries of Paraguayan emigrants, for the better implementation of measures leading to the broadest possible civic and electoral participation of persons of Paraguayan nationality residing abroad, in compliance with Article 120 of the National Constitution.

Artículo 35. Migration control posts

Entry into and exit from the territory of the Republic of Paraguay by foreign or national persons may only take place through authorized migration control posts.

Artículo 36. Documentation control

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall verify the documentation at the time of entry into and exit from the territory of the Republic of Paraguay, the nature of the entry and the period of stay.

Artículo 37. Irregular entry

The entry of a foreigner into national territory shall be considered irregular in the following cases: 1. When entering through a place not authorized for that purpose, without the required documentation, or evading entry migration control. 2. When entering using documentation with false or inauthentic content. 3. When entering after having been expelled while the entry ban ordered by the competent authority remains in force. 4. When entering in violation of the formalities set forth in the laws and regulations in force.

Artículo 38. Categories of admission

Admission is the permit granted by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones for the entry and stay of foreign persons in national territory. Admission may be: Estadía Transitoria (Temporary Stay) or Residente (Resident).

Artículo 39. Inadmissibility

Foreigners who fall under any of the following circumstances may not be admitted to national territory: 1. When they do not present the required documentation or use documentation that is inauthentic and false in content. 2. When they have been expelled and the entry ban ordered by the competent authority remains in force. 3. When they are subject to an international arrest warrant for the commission of punishable acts abroad. 4. When they are subject to an alert issued by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones or another competent authority. 5. When they do not comply with the formalities set forth in the laws and regulations.

Artículo 40. Subcategories of Temporary Stay

Estadía Transitoria (Temporary Stay) is considered to be that of a foreigner who enters the country to remain for a limited time and without the intention of establishing residence there. The following subcategories of Temporary Stay shall be considered: 1. Tourist. 2. Passenger in transit. 3. Local border transit. 4. Persons beginning or continuing medical treatment. 5. Special cases established by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones.

Artículo 41. Requirements for Temporary Stay

To be admitted temporarily into national territory, the foreigner must comply with the following requirements: 1. Presentation of a valid passport or identity document. 2. Possession of an entry visa, issued by the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, in cases where one is required. 3. Compliance with the other formalities established in the regulations.

Artículo 42. Period of temporary stay

Foreigners admitted under any of the categories provided for in this Chapter may remain in national territory for a determined period according to the nature of their entry, for a maximum term of up to 90 (ninety) consecutive days, extendable only once at the request of the interested party, for a term no longer than that previously granted, at the discretion of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. Once the period of stay authorized by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones has elapsed, the foreigner must leave national territory or apply for residence in the country. Otherwise, the fines and other sanctions provided for in this Law and its regulations shall be applied.

Artículo 43. Request for extension

The periods granted by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones for the temporary stay of the foreigner in national territory are peremptory. If a request for extension or a change of category is made, it must be filed before the expiration of the granted period of stay. Otherwise, the fines and other sanctions provided for in this Law and its regulations shall be applied.

Artículo 44. Subcategories of residence

Residence is the authorization granted by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones (National Directorate of Migration) to a foreigner to settle in the country as a resident. Persons admitted as immigrants may be admitted under the categories of Spontaneous or Occasional Residence, Temporary Residence, or Permanent Residence.

Artículo 45. Spontaneous or Occasional Residence

Spontaneous or Occasional Residence is the authorization granted by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones to foreigners who enter the country intending to carry out lawful occasional activities, under the conditions established by this Law and its regulations. It will be granted for a period of up to 90 (ninety) days, extendable for the same period within the year, and it will not be a prior requirement for Temporary Residence.

Artículo 46. Temporary Residence

This is the authorization granted by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones for a fixed period to foreigners who enter the country intending to settle in order to carry out a lawful activity, under the conditions established by this Law and its regulations. It will be granted for a period of up to 2 (two) years, extendable for an equal period, and it will be a prior requirement for the granting of Permanent Residence. Those interested in applying for Temporary Residence in the Republic of Paraguay may submit the required documentation to the offices of the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), which may grant the consular visa to residence applicants, it being the authority of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones to grant or deny the requested residence. Foreigners who can conclusively demonstrate that they have made investments in the Republic of Paraguay, in accordance with Ley N° 4986/2013 "QUE CREA EL SISTEMA UNIFICADO DE ATENCIÓN EMPRESARIAL PARA LA APERTURA Y CIERRE DE EMPRESAS (SUACE)" (which creates the unified business attention system for the opening and closing of companies, SUACE), are exempted from the requirement of temporary residence as a prior step for obtaining permanent residence. This exception shall be regulated by the enforcement authority.

Artículo 47. Permanent Residence

This is the authorization granted by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones to reside indefinitely in national territory, to a foreigner who expresses the intention or purpose of settling permanently in the country, meeting the legal conditions for admission in such capacity by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, and after having completed the Temporary Residence period.

Artículo 48. On access to Permanent Residence by foreign relatives of repatriated nationals

Through the repatriated national, the following will have direct access to Permanent Residence: their spouse, foreign children and grandchildren, the latter up to the age of eighteen. Likewise, the spouse of the national's child may also do so.

Artículo 49. Requirements for obtaining Spontaneous or Occasional Residence

In order to obtain Spontaneous or Occasional Residence, the foreigner who wishes to reside in the country must submit the following documentation: 1. Valid passport or identity document. 2. Consular visa and its verification by the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, in cases where required. 3. Proof of entry into the country. 4. Sworn Statement before the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones of the profession, activity or trade to be carried out in the country and of the temporary domicile established within national territory. 5. Payment of the corresponding fee. 6. The other requirements set by this Law and its regulations.

Artículo 50. Requirements for obtaining Temporary Residence

In order to obtain Temporary Residence, the foreigner who wishes to reside in the country must submit the following documentation: 1. Valid passport or identity document. 2. Consular visa and its verification by the Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, in cases where required. 3. Proof of entry into the country. 4. Birth certificate. 5. Certificate of civil status. 6. Certificate of Criminal or Police Records valid at the National or Federal level of the country of origin or country of residence for the last 3 (three) years, from fourteen years of age. 7. Certificate of records issued by Interpol, from fourteen years of age. 8. Certificate of Records for Foreigners, issued by the Departamento de Informática de la Policía Nacional (Information Technology Department of the National Police), from fourteen years of age. 9. Sworn Statement before the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones of the commitment to comply with and respect the National Constitution, the laws and other regulatory provisions in force in national territory. 10. Sworn Statement before the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones of the profession, activity or trade to be carried out in the country and of the domicile established within national territory. 11. Payment of the fee corresponding to the applicable subcategory. 12. The other requirements set by this Law and its regulations. All documents of foreign origin must be valid and duly legalized or apostilled. Documents in a foreign language must be translated into Spanish by a Traductor Público (Sworn Public Translator) registered in the Republic of Paraguay or by a foreign Sworn Public Translator authorized by the competent authority of the country where they provide their services; in the latter case, the translated version of the document of foreign origin must be apostilled or legalized through the corresponding channels. The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may, by reasoned resolution, partially exempt applicants from the documentation listed in this article for temporary admission. It may also deny Temporary Residence to those who have been prosecuted or convicted for intentional punishable offenses committed within or outside the country, which under the laws of the Republic of Paraguay warrant the application of custodial sentences of more than 2 (two) years, and to those who show a repeated pattern of committing punishable offenses. Those in the process of applying for Temporary Residence will hold the status of precarious resident for the duration of the Temporary Residence application procedure before the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. The duration of the precarious residence shall be determined by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones according to each particular situation.

Artículo 51. Requirements for requesting an extension of Temporary Residence

The following documentation must be submitted: 1. Valid passport or identity document. 2. Valid Paraguayan Cédula de Identidad (national identity card). 3. Previous Temporary Residence card or a report of its theft or loss. 4. Documents conclusively evidencing any change in civil status, profession, trade or occupation, first or last names. 5. Certificate of Records issued by the Departamento de Identificaciones de la Policía Nacional (Identification Department of the National Police), from fourteen years of age. 6. Certificate of Records for Foreigners, issued by the Departamento de Informática de la Policía Nacional, from fourteen years of age. 7. Certificate of Judicial Records, from fourteen years of age. 8. Certificate of Records issued by Interpol, from fourteen years of age. 9. Payment of the corresponding fee. 10. The other requirements set by this Law and its regulations.

Artículo 52. Requirements for obtaining Permanent Residence

In order to obtain Permanent Residence, every foreigner must submit the following documentation: 1. Valid passport or identity document. 2. Temporary Residence card. 3. Paraguayan Cédula de Identidad. 4. Documents conclusively evidencing any change in civil status, profession, trade or occupation, first or last names. 5. Certificate of Records, issued by the Departamento de Identificaciones de la Policía Nacional, from fourteen years of age. 6. Certificate of Records for Foreigners, issued by the Departamento de Informática de la Policía Nacional, from fourteen years of age. 7. Certificate of Judicial Records, from fourteen years of age. 8. Certificate of Records issued by Interpol, from fourteen years of age. 9. If an investor and/or capitalist, proof of incorporation of the company or documents conclusively evidencing the investment made within the country, or bank deposit of the sum and/or investment project to be approved by the competent bodies. 10. The other requirements set by this Law and its regulations. 11. Payment of the corresponding fee. All documents of foreign origin must be valid and duly legalized or apostilled. Documents in a foreign language must be translated into Spanish by a Traductor Público registered in the Republic of Paraguay or by a foreign Sworn Public Translator authorized by the competent authority of the country where they provide their services; in the latter case, the translated version of the document of foreign origin must be apostilled or legalized through the corresponding channels. It may also deny Permanent Residence to those who have been prosecuted or convicted for intentional punishable offenses committed within or outside the country, which under the laws of the Republic of Paraguay warrant the application of custodial sentences of more than 2 (two) years, and to those who show a repeated pattern of committing punishable offenses.

Artículo 53. Requirements to access permanent residence for foreign relatives of nationals

1) Repatriation Certificate. 2) Cédula de Identidad. 3) Birth certificate from the country of origin. 4) Identity document from the country of origin. 5) Criminal record from the country of origin, certificate of police records for foreigners, and Interpol report, for those over fourteen years of age. 6) Identity document of the Paraguayan national and marriage certificate, for the spouse of the national. 7) Birth certificate of one of the parents evidencing their status as a natural-born Paraguayan, or naturalization certificate for naturalized persons, for the children of the national. 8) Birth certificate of the parent and birth certificate of the national, for the grandchildren of the national. 9) Marriage certificate, birth certificate from the country of origin of the spouse, and birth certificate of the national, for the spouse of the national's child. The foreign documents established in this article shall be accompanied by copies duly authenticated by a Notary Public, so that the originals remain in the possession of their holders.

Artículo 54. Loss of Permanent Residence due to unjustified absence

Those admitted with Permanent Residence will lose this status if they remain absent from national territory for more than 3 (three) years without justifying their absence before the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. That period may be extended by resolution of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones in cases determined by the regulations. Those who lose their status as permanent residents due to unjustified absence may recover it by again demonstrating compliance with the legal requirements established in this Law.

Artículo 55. Grounds for cancellation of residence

The cancellation of residence means the loss of the migratory category granted and, with it, the expiration of the right to remain in the country. The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may cancel any residence it has granted, regardless of its age, category or the reason for admission, and order the expulsion of the foreigner, by means of a reasoned resolution, in the following cases: 1. Submission of inauthentic documentation or documentation with false content, the carrying out of a simulated act or fact, fraud or defect in consent for the purpose of obtaining a migratory benefit or residence of any kind. 2. Unjustified absence from the country for more than 3 (three) consecutive years in the case of a permanent resident, or for more than 1 (one) year in the case of a temporary resident, except in cases where authorization was granted by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. 3. Petition for cancellation of residence filed by the resident foreigner. 4. When the provisions of this Law and its regulations are not complied with. When the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones has ordered the cancellation of residence, the foreigner must leave national territory within the fixed period, under warning that expulsion will be ordered under the conditions set forth in this Law.

Artículo 56. Spontaneous or Occasional Residence card

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones will grant a Spontaneous or Occasional Residence card to those foreigners whose seasonal or occasional work, as participants in public performances or as guests of public or private entities on account of their art and/or profession, requires them to remain in the country for not more than 90 (ninety) days.

Artículo 57. Precarious Residence card

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones will grant a Precarious Residence card to the foreigner who has applied to be admitted as a temporary resident, until the procedure for obtaining Temporary Residence is concluded. It will be granted only once and will be valid for 90 (ninety) consecutive days. The Precarious Residence card will entitle its holders, during its period of validity, to remain in, leave and re-enter national territory, to work and to study. The extension and duration of the Precarious Residence does not create a right to a favorable resolution regarding the admission requested. The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones will revoke the Precarious Residence card when the grounds that were taken into account for its granting cease to apply.

Artículo 58. Temporary Residence card

Once the procedure for obtaining temporary resident status has been completed, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones will issue the foreigner a residence card in that capacity, whose validity will be for the period of residence granted. Once it has expired and an extension has been obtained, a new card must be applied for and obtained under the same conditions.

Artículo 59. Permanent Residence card

Once the procedure for obtaining permanent resident status has been completed, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones will issue the foreigner a residence card in that capacity, which must be renewed every 10 (ten) years for the purpose of applying for the renewal of the Paraguayan Cédula de Identidad. The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones will determine the requirements to be submitted for the renewal of the Permanent Resident card.

Artículo 60. Replacement of residence cards

The replacement of the residence card will proceed in cases of deterioration, loss, theft, updating of personal data, or other duly justified circumstances, provided that the stipulated validity of that document is still in force.

Artículo 61. Requirements for the replacement of the residence card

For the purpose of replacing residence cards, the following documentation must be submitted: 1. Application form and proof of payment of the corresponding fee. 2. Valid residence card or a report of its theft or loss. 3. Paraguayan Cédula de Identidad, if held, or a report of its theft or loss. 4. Passport or identity document of origin.

Artículo 62. Paraguayan National Identity Card for foreigners

The Policía Nacional (National Police) must issue a Paraguayan Cédula de Identidad (National Identity Card) to foreigners holding Temporary Residence and Permanent Residence. Permanent resident status exempts the foreigner from the obligation to show their residence card, and they must identify themselves exclusively with the Paraguayan Cédula de Identidad.

Artículo 63. Validity period

The validity period of the Cédula de Identidad issued to foreigners with temporary residence must be the same as that granted by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones (National Directorate of Migration) for the residence, and it shall be renewed in accordance with the extensions granted by the same authority.

Artículo 64. Identity document for refugees and asylum seekers

Applicants for refuge and asylum, with Temporary or Permanent Residence, may obtain their Paraguayan Cédula de Identidad once the competent authority has recognized them in that status.

Artículo 65. Regularization of stay

Once the irregularity of a foreigner's stay in the national territory has been established, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, taking into account the personal and particular circumstances of the case, may formally demand that the person regularize their situation, under warning that their expulsion will otherwise be ordered.

Artículo 66. Expulsion

Expulsion is the decision of the competent administrative or judicial authority by which the departure of a foreigner from the national territory is ordered. Expulsion entails a prohibition on re-entering the country for a period that may not be less than 5 (five) years. The maximum duration of the entry prohibition shall be determined by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones in each particular case, considering the seriousness of the event that gave rise to it. Such prohibition may only be waived by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones.

Artículo 67. Grounds for expulsion

The expulsion of a foreigner may be ordered by the competent authority in the following cases: 1. When the person has entered irregularly under the situations provided for in this Law. 2. When the person has remained in the national territory after the period of the formal notice to regularize their stay has expired, as provided in this Law. 3. When the person has taken part in the commission of crimes or punishable acts linked to trafficking in persons, terrorism, financing of terrorism, illicit trafficking and trading of narcotics, trafficking and trading of weapons, money laundering and other acts that the judicial authority deems relevant. 4. When the person has taken part in acts constituting genocide, crimes against humanity or any act in violation of Human Rights established in international treaties ratified by our country, and in the other cases provided for by Law. 5. When the person carries out acts that undermine sovereignty or internal security, or incites or carries out acts or deeds prohibited by the laws and the Constitución Nacional (National Constitution).

Artículo 68. Precautionary measures

When expulsion has been resolved and for the purpose of ensuring its enforcement, or when a person subject to an expulsion has not been identified, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may request the Juzgado Penal de Garantías (Criminal Guarantees Court) to apply precautionary measures restricting freedom of movement, in accordance with the provisions of the Código Procesal Penal (Code of Criminal Procedure).

Artículo 69. Exceptions to expulsion

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may decide not to order the expulsion of a foreigner if any of the following grounds is established: 1. Marriage to a Paraguayan man or woman. 2. Being the father or mother of Paraguayan children born in the country. 3. Permanent Residence in the country for a period exceeding 10 (ten) years. The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall evaluate each case individually.

Artículo 70. Register of transport service providers

International transport companies, their agents or representatives, must register with the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, specifying the name, the nature of the means of transport used on their routes, the usual stopover, embarkation and disembarkation points, and other requirements established in that regard by the regulations of this Law. The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall coordinate with the other public entities that regulate the various land, air and river transport systems, for the implementation of the register of transport service providers.

Artículo 71. Liability of the companies

Companies that provide international transport services, their agents, the commander, captain, shipowner, driver, owner, their legal representatives or persons in charge, shall be liable for the transport and custody of passengers and crew until they have passed migration control inspection and are admitted into the República del Paraguay (Republic of Paraguay), or once the documentation has been verified upon leaving the country.

Artículo 72. Obligations

Companies that provide international transport services, their agents, the commander, captain, shipowner, driver, owner, their legal representatives or persons in charge, must: 1. Allow the authorities of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones to carry out the dispatch and inspection of the air, sea or land means of transport with which they enter or intend to leave the country. 2. Present the list of crew members, passengers and other documents whenever required by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, and allow the inspection and verification of their documentation. 3. Not sell tickets to nationals or foreigners, nor transport them, without the presentation of the documentation required for such purposes, together with the corresponding visa where applicable. 4. Not allow the disembarkation of passengers during a technical stopover, unless expressly authorized by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. 5. Pay the costs arising from the authorizations that must be carried out for inspection or control services, outside business hours and working days or outside the usual seat of the authority that must provide it. 6. Not allow the disembarkation of passengers during a technical stopover, unless expressly authorized by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones.

Artículo 73. Documentation required from crew members and personnel

The crew members and personnel that make up the complement of an international means of transport arriving in or leaving the country must be provided with valid documentation to prove their identity and their status as crew members or as belonging to the transport's complement.

Artículo 74. Duty of return transportation

When the migration authority refuses admission to a foreign passenger at the time the migration control on entry into the country is carried out, the international transport company, its agents, the commander, captain, shipowner, driver, owner, its legal representatives or persons in charge shall be jointly and severally obliged to return the passenger, at their own expense, to the country of origin or provenance or outside the territory of the República del Paraguay, on the same means of transport on which the passenger arrived. If this is not possible, the company is responsible for the passenger's return by another means, within the peremptory period fixed for it, bearing the resulting costs. This obligation is limited to one seat when the means of transport does not exceed 200 (two hundred) seats, and to 2 (two) seats when it exceeds that number.

Artículo 75. Authorization for disembarkation

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, upon prior request for authorization, shall allow international transport companies or tourism agencies, their agents or representatives, to disembark excursion passengers from ships, aircraft or other means of transport that make a stopover in ports or airports, on tourist cruises or for emergency reasons. The authorization of this type of disembarkation shall be regulated by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones.

Artículo 76. Implementing authority

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones is hereby created, dependent on the Poder Ejecutivo (Executive Branch), replacing the Dirección General de Migraciones (General Directorate of Migration) as the institution responsible for the administrative and mission-based application and execution of the comprehensive migration regime of the República del Paraguay. It is an autonomous and self-governing institution, with legal personality under public law. It relates to the Poder Ejecutivo through the Ministerio del Interior (Ministry of the Interior).

Artículo 77. Domicile

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones establishes its legal domicile in the city of Asunción, and may establish regional offices in the interior of the country. Any judicial action in which the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones is a party must be initiated before the Juzgados y Tribunales de la Circunscripción Judicial de la Capital (Courts and Tribunals of the Judicial Circuit of the Capital).

Artículo 78. Regulatory power

It is expressly granted regulatory power for the specific regulation of all those matters ancillary and/or complementary to the legal regime provided for in this instrument that demand or require particular regulatory treatment.

Artículo 79. Powers

For the full exercise of its functions, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall have the following powers: 1. To execute the Política Nacional de Migraciones (National Migration Policy). 2. To formulate and evaluate plans, programs and studies on migration matters and, consistently with these, to coordinate and guide their formulation, evaluation and proposed solutions. 3. To regulate specific matters complementary to migration regulations. 4. To coordinate with other state bodies the execution of migration policy. 5. To enter into agreements on technical assistance, research, cooperation, specialized training and the provision of migration-related services with national and international bodies, as well as with public or private academic institutions and other State entities. 6. To represent the country before international bodies and participate in events related to migration activity. 7. To control and oversee the entry, stay and departure of persons from the national territory, in compliance with the applicable legal and regulatory rules. 8. To refuse entry to foreign persons at the time of entering the country, in accordance with the situations provided for in this Law. 9. To require travel permits for minors of Paraguayan or foreign nationality, with domicile or habitual residence in the country. 10. To register the entries and departures of persons from the national territory and produce the corresponding statistics. 11. To control, ex officio or upon complaint, the stay of foreign persons in relation to their migration status in the country. 12. To grant and cancel Temporary and Permanent Residence permits, as well as the authorization to extend temporary residence. 13. To grant an extension of stay to those who entered the country for a transitory stay. 14. To open and close, when necessary, entry and exit points to the country for nationals and foreigners. 15. To declare the entry or stay of foreigners irregular when they cannot prove their migration status in the country. 16. To cancel the stay of foreigners in the cases indicated by this Law. 17. To regularize the migration status of irregular migrants when appropriate. 18. To order the expulsion of foreigners in accordance with its powers established by Law. 19. To inspect international means of transport in order to verify compliance with the applicable rules relating to the entry and exit from the country of foreign nationals or crew members, documenting the relevant infractions. 20. To inspect lodging and workplaces of foreigners and educational institutions in order to record possible infractions related to the migration category of foreigners. 21. To apply the applicable sanctions to violators of the migration rules provided for in the Law and collect the corresponding fines. 22. To collect the fees that, for various purposes, foreigners must pay, to be determined in the regulations of this Law. 23. The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may request the Poder Ejecutivo to grant documentary regularization to foreigners in an irregular migration situation, under the figure of a Migration Amnesty as an exceptional measure authorized by Decree. 24. To cooperate with the Mesa Interinstitucional de Lucha contra la Trata de Personas en el Paraguay (Interinstitutional Roundtable against Trafficking in Persons in Paraguay) and other institutions involved in the prevention of and fight against the punishable acts of trafficking in persons, smuggling of migrants and other transnational punishable acts. 25. To provide the necessary assistance to victims of the punishable acts mentioned in the preceding numeral, in cooperation with the Ministerio Público (Public Prosecutor's Office) with respect to the filing of complaints and other complementary aspects. 26. To exercise the other powers conferred on it by this Law and its regulations.

Artículo 80. Appointment

This provision was transcribed from an official scanned document and is awaiting a second reading against the original.

The Director Nacional (National Director) of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall be appointed by the President of the Republic. In that capacity, he or she shall be directly responsible for the technical, financial and administrative management of the entity. In case of temporary absence, the Director Nacional shall appoint a Director General as Encargado de Despacho (Officer in Charge). In case of vacancy in office, and until the President of the Republic appoints the new Director Nacional, the Director General de Extranjeros (General Director of Foreigners) shall temporarily exercise the functions of Director Nacional.

Artículo 81. Profile and requirements

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall have a Director Nacional, who shall be its highest authority and shall exercise the legal representation of the entity. The Director Nacional must be of Paraguayan nationality, a university professional, at least thirty years of age, of recognized good standing, with no judicial or police record, and of proven suitability. The Director Nacional shall be personally liable for the consequences of his or her administrative and financial management, and for any decision adopted in contravention of legal and regulatory provisions.

Artículo 82. Functions of the Director Nacional

This provision was transcribed from an official scanned document and is awaiting a second reading against the original.

The functions of the Director Nacional are: 1. To exercise the direction, coordination and control of the activities of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones and its representation at national and international level. 2. To exercise the legal representation of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. He or she may also grant general and special powers of attorney for judicial and administrative actions. 3. To ensure the proper functioning of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. 4. To approve the Internal Regulations, the operating manual and the composition of the subordinate structures and operational units of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, as well as the amendments necessary for their better functioning. 5. To approve the entity's draft budget and plan of activities. 6. To accept donations, bequests and resources arising from national and international technical cooperation, in accordance with the relevant legal provisions, for the pursuit of the purposes of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. 7. To appoint, transfer, second and remove the entity's officials, in accordance with the relevant legislation. 8. To appoint and remove the Directores Generales (General Directors). 9. To appoint the Encargado del Despacho (Officer in Charge) in case of his or her temporary absence. 10. To administer the funds provided for in the Presupuesto General de la Nación (General Budget of the Nation) and other resources established in this Law, exercising the function of authorizing officer for expenditures. 11. To exempt applicants from certain requirements demanded for the granting of the various categories of residence, by means of a resolution grounded on exceptional circumstances. 12. To revoke resolutions, ex officio or upon request of a party, in case of error or when new facts, or facts unknown at the time they were issued, justify the decision. 13. The other functions established by special laws or those necessary for the proper functioning of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones.

Artículo 83. Incompatibilities

The role of Director Nacional is incompatible with the exercise of any other public or private activity or position, whether or not remunerated, except for part-time teaching and research.

Artículo 84. Organization

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall have, at a minimum, the following Direcciones Generales (General Directorates) and Direcciones (Directorates): General Directorates 1. Dirección General de Extranjeros (General Directorate of Foreigners). 2. Dirección General de Movimiento Migratorio (General Directorate of Migratory Movement). 3. Dirección General de Administración y Finanzas (General Directorate of Administration and Finance). 4. Dirección General de Asuntos Internacionales (General Directorate of International Affairs). Directorates 1. Dirección de Gabinete (Cabinet Directorate). 2. Dirección de Asesoría Jurídica (Legal Advisory Directorate). 3. Dirección de Gestión de Talento Humano (Human Talent Management Directorate). 4. Dirección de Auditoría (Audit Directorate). 5. Dirección de Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación (Information and Communication Technology Directorate). The regulations shall determine the organizational and administrative structure with lower-ranking dependencies, upon request of the Director Nacional, according to institutional needs and in accordance with budgetary availability.

Artículo 85. Use of electronic means

The substantiation of proceedings by administrative channel, as well as the administrative acts issued in application of the migration regime, may be carried out by computer and telematic means, in accordance with the general legal and regulatory rules on electronic government issued in the country. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may use the available electronic means to expedite and facilitate the performance of its own assigned technical functions and the payment of the respective fees and fines by means of bank transfers. The use of electronic means must be regulated by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones and applied in accordance with the legislation on the matter.

Artículo 86. Confidentiality of migration information

In safeguard of the inviolability of personal and family privacy and respect for people's private life, constitutionally enshrined, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones (National Directorate of Migration) shall preserve the confidentiality of information relating to migrants recorded in its documents and databases. It may only be disclosed by judicial order in cases specifically provided for by Law, and always provided that such disclosure is indispensable for clarifying matters within the competence of the corresponding authorities.

Artículo 87. Infractions and sanctions applicable to foreigners

A foreigner who, at the time of presenting at the migration control post, commits any of the following infractions shall be liable to a fine: 1. Up to 6 (six) day wages, when it is verified that they have exceeded the term of transitory stay for which they were authorized. 2. Of 6 (six) day wages, if it is verified that they do not have their record of entry into the country.

Artículo 88. Infractions and sanctions applicable to international transport companies

International transport companies that commit the following infractions, following a prior verification of the facts through an administrative inquiry, shall be liable to a fine: 1. Up to 100 (one hundred) day wages, when it is verified that they do not have the corresponding registration. 2. Up to 150 (one hundred fifty) day wages, when it is verified that they obstruct or prevent the inspection of the international means of transport. 3. Between 50 (fifty) and 150 (one hundred fifty) day wages, when it is verified that there is an omission or false declaration of data in the submission of the international transport passenger list. 4. Up to 100 (one hundred) day wages for each passenger in infraction, when it is verified that tickets were sold and transport service provided to persons who do not have the required documentation. 5. Between 20 (twenty) and 100 (one hundred) day wages for each passenger in infraction, when it is verified that passengers disembarked at a technical stopover without authorization from the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. 6. Between 10 (ten) and 100 (one hundred) day wages for each passenger or crew member in infraction, if it is verified that crew and passengers of the international means of transport lack the required documentation. 7. Of 150 (one hundred fifty) day wages, if it is verified that the international transport company opposed carrying out the return of passengers who were rejected by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones. 8. Of 150 (one hundred fifty) day wages for each irregular worker, when it is verified that foreigners without a residence card were hired. The administrative inquiry proceeding shall respect due process and the principles of adversarial proceedings, orality, publicity, transparency, immediacy and concentration.

Artículo 89. Competent body

Fine sanctions for infractions shall be imposed by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones.

Artículo 90. Recidivism

Recidivism shall be considered an aggravating factor of the sanction and shall increase the amount of the fine by up to an additional 50% (fifty percent).

Artículo 91. Prohibition on departure of means of transport

Failure to comply with the provisions set forth in this Law shall be sanctioned by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones with a fine of up to 150 (one hundred fifty) day wages. In the event of recidivism, the fine may be doubled. The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, together with the Policía Nacional (National Police), may prevent the corresponding means of transport from leaving national territory until the responsible company regularizes and complies with the relevant outstanding obligations.

Artículo 92. Graduation of sanctions

The Dirección Nacional de Migraciones shall impose sanctions considering: 1. The damages or harm that have occurred or may occur. 2. The seriousness of the infraction. 3. The recidivism of the offender.

Artículo 93. Payment of fines

The amount of the fines must be paid to the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones in accordance with the mechanisms it establishes and within a term of 30 (thirty) calendar days, counted from notification by cédula (formal notice).

Artículo 94. Failure to pay fines

If the fine is not paid and there is a final resolution, the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones may sue the offender judicially by means of executory proceedings before the competent Civil and Commercial Court of the Capital, attaching a copy of the resolution that applied the sanction or of the final judgment, as applicable, which shall by itself have executory force.

Artículo 95. Prescription

The action to collect a fine shall lapse after a term of 2 (two) years counted from the moment it becomes enforceable.

Artículo 96. Allocation of fines

The amount collected as fines shall be distributed as follows: a) 60% (sixty percent) of the amount collected shall be deposited in the Banco Central del Paraguay (Central Bank of Paraguay) in the name of the Ministerio de Hacienda (Ministry of Finance) and shall constitute Public Treasury resources. b) 40% (forty percent) of the amount collected shall constitute the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones' own income and be included in its institutional budget, in accordance with the regulations.

Artículo 97. Administrative remedies and procedures

The regime establishing administrative remedies and procedures shall be that set forth in Ley N° 6715/2021 "DE PROCEDIMIENTOS ADMINISTRATIVOS" (On Administrative Procedures).

Artículo 98. Financial resources

The following are financial resources of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones: 1. Amounts assigned in the Presupuesto General de la Nación (General Budget of the Nation) for each fiscal year. 2. Collections from tariffs and fines. 3. Donations, legacies and other contributions from natural and legal persons, national and foreign. 4. Transfers of funds from other public or private entities, as well as those arising from the signing of agreements and/or international cooperation. 5. Income from patrimonial assets. 6. Those obtained from national or international sources of financing in accordance with the legal rules in force. 7. Other resources assigned to it by Law.

Artículo 99. Tariffs

Foreign persons must pay the corresponding tariff for applications for Precarious, Temporary or Permanent Residence, for change of information, extension of stay, change of migratory category, and issuance of certificates and documents required by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones in compliance with this Law and its regulations.

Artículo 100. Value of the tariffs

The amounts that foreigners must pay as the tariffs mentioned in the preceding article are the following: 1. Permanent Residence: 15 (quince) jornales. 2. Temporary Residence: 10 (diez) jornales. 3. Spontaneous or Occasional Residence: 8 (ocho) jornales. 4. Precarious Residence: 5 (cinco) jornales. 5. Extension of temporary residence: 11 (once) jornales. 6. Extension of stay: 5 (cinco) jornales. 7. Replacement of resident card: 5 (cinco) jornales. 8. Renewal of permanent resident card: 4 (cuatro) jornales. 9. Change of category: 10 (diez) jornales. 10. Change of information: 2 (dos) jornales. 11. Issuance of certificates and other documents: 2 (dos) jornales. 12. Enabling of schedule for inspection of a transport company: 5 (cinco) jornales.

Artículo 101. Exemption from tariff payments for the repatriated national

This provision was transcribed from an official scanned document and is awaiting a second reading against the original.

1. The payment of tariffs collected by the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones is waived for the following: the spouse, children and foreign grandchildren of the national, the latter up to eighteen years of age. Likewise, the spouse of the national's child. 2. The payment of tariffs corresponding to all consular and administrative proceedings collected by the various State institutions, necessary for the repatriation of nationals and their family members born abroad, is waived.

Artículo 102. Health assistance in alert situations

In the event of health alert situations declared by the Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social (Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare) due to the appearance of pandemics, epidemics or serious diseases of massive spread, the authorities of that ministry shall request the cooperation of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones so that health officials may exercise the medical control and health services required by national and foreign persons entering Paraguayan territory, in accordance with the surveillance measures and health responses provided for by said Ministry or by the International Health Regulations of the Organización Mundial de la Salud (World Health Organization).

Artículo 103. Constitution and naming of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones

This provision was transcribed from an official scanned document and is awaiting a second reading against the original.

From the entry into force of this Law, the Dirección General de Migraciones (General Directorate of Migration), under the Ministerio del Interior (Ministry of the Interior), shall be renamed and constituted as the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, which shall relate to the Executive Power through the Ministerio del Interior. The officials, assets and financial resources of the Dirección General de Migraciones shall pass to form part of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones under the same legal conditions established in Ley N° 1626/2000 "DE LA FUNCIÓN PÚBLICA" (On Public Service) and Ley N° 1535/1999 "DE ADMINISTRACIÓN FINANCIERA DEL ESTADO" (On State Financial Administration).

Artículo 104. Officials of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones

They shall be governed by Ley N° 1626/2000 "DE LA FUNCIÓN PÚBLICA" (On Public Service) and Ley N° 1535/1999 "DE ADMINISTRACIÓN FINANCIERA DEL ESTADO" (On State Financial Administration), their amendments and supplementary rules.

Artículo 105. National Director

The highest authority of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones in office at the time of the entry into force of this Law shall serve as interim National Director of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones until the Executive Power designates the titular officeholder. The interim or designated National Director of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones is empowered to structure the Cuadro de Asignación de Personal (Staff Allocation Chart) and to reformulate the Budget Draft corresponding to the current Fiscal Year, within the framework of the legal provisions in force and in accordance with the organization established by this Law.

Artículo 106. Situation of officials and contracted personnel

Officials who are part of the personnel annex of the current Dirección General de Migraciones shall become part of the staff of the Dirección Nacional de Migraciones, retaining all acquired rights, especially seniority and salary category. Contracted personnel who are currently rendering services to the Dirección General de Migraciones shall continue rendering such services under the same contractual terms and conditions.

Artículo 107. Repeal

Ley N° 978/1996 "DE MIGRACIONES" (On Migrations) is hereby repealed.

Artículo 108. Regulation

The Executive Power shall regulate this Law within a term not exceeding 180 (one hundred eighty) days from its publication.

Artículo 109. Communicate to the Executive Power

This provision was transcribed from an official scanned document and is awaiting a second reading against the original.

The Bill was approved by the Honorable Chamber of Senators on the twenty-eighth day of July of the year two thousand twenty-two, and was sanctioned by the Honorable Chamber of Deputies on the sixth day of September of the year two thousand twenty-two, in accordance with the provisions of Article 207, numeral 1) of the Constitución Nacional (National Constitution).

Official source, Spanish

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Last verified against the issuing authority: 19 September 2026

  • The archived original is an official scanned PDF whose text layer was unusable, so the Spanish provision text was transcribed via optical character recognition from the scan at 300 dpi.
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